Gender Specific Differences in Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery and Umbilical Venous Doppler
Abstract
Fetal Doppler ultrasound is a vital tool in assessing fetal well-being by evaluating blood flow dynamics in key vessels. The Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) and Umbilical Vein (UV) Doppler studies provide critical insights into fetal circulation and oxygenation. However, there is limited research on gender-specific differences in these Doppler parameters. Understanding these variations may enhance fetal monitoring and improve perinatal outcomes. This study aims to assess gender-specific differences in fetal MCA and UV Doppler parameters, focusing on variations in blood flow patterns between male and female fetuses. This cross-sectional study was included 126 pregnant women, with 63 male fetuses (Group A) and 63 female fetuses (Group B), all in their third trimester and undergoing routine fetal Doppler ultrasound. Key Doppler indices, including the Pulsatility Index (PI), Resistance Index (RI), and Systole to Diastole (S/D) ratio of the MCA, as well as blood flow characteristics in the Umbilical Vein, was measured and analyzed. Statistical comparisons will be conducted to determine significant gender-related difference. This study described Gender Specific Differences in Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery and Umbilical Venous Doppler. It includes doppler parameters that is middle Cerebral Artery resistive index, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index, middle cerebral artery SD and Umbilical Venous Doppler. It uses a sample size of 126 pregnancies with 63 male and 63 female fetuses. This study meant to assess gender differences in fetal Doppler parameters, precisely directing on Middle Cerebral Artery Resistive Index (MCARI), Pulsatility Index (MCAPI), Systolic/Diastolic ratio (MCASD), and Umbilical Venous (UV) flow. The findings discovered understated but clinically related differences between male and female fetuses, mainly in MCARI and UV flow.
Keywords: Fetal Doppler, Middle Cerebral Artery, Umbilical Vein, Pulsatility Index
