Frequency Of Microalbuminuria And Its Association With Dyslipidemias In Newly Diagnosed Patients Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Back Ground: Blood contains a protein called albumin. In a normal person, kidneys excrete very little amount of albumin in urine. When the level of albumin increased than normal (more than 30 mg/24 hours) in urine, this is called microalbuminuria. It is the first sign of nephropathy due to diabetes. Objective: To determine the frequency of microalbuminuria and its association with dyslipidemias in newly diagnosed patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus.  . Study type, settings & duration: A cross sectional study done at Endocrine department Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital Islamabad from August 2024 to January 2025. Methodology: Patients with either gender having age 20-80 years, newly diagnosed case of Type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in study. Urine sample was collected to quantify microalbuminuria. Blood sample was taken to measure fasting lipid profile. Patients having history of gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension, glomerular disease , pregnancy, obesity (BMI >30), urinary tract infection, congestive cardiac failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic active hepatitis, drugs like ACEIs, ARBs were excluded from study. Results: 350 patients have been enrolled for study. The mean age was 20-80 years with SD 40±12.56. 56% patients were male and 44% were females. 40% newly diagnosed patients have micro albuminuria and among these patients 52%patients have dyslipidemias, raised TGs 62%, raised LDL 39%, low HDL 58%  and total cholesterol remained normal. HbA1C 6.5%-8,5% have micro albuminuria 33% and dyslipidemias 29%, HbA1C 8.5%-10.5% , 41% have micro albuminuria and 37% had dyslipidemias. HbA1C >.10.5% have micro albuminuria 43% and dyslipidemias 48%. Dyslipidemias are more common in patients with microalbuminuria. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria is very common (40%) among the newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics. It is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL cholesterol and low HDL cholesterol.

Keywords: Frequency, Diabetes Mellitus, Microalbuminuria