Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Cold Plasma in Pediatric Dermatology: A Pilot Clinical Study

Abstract

Pediatric dermatological conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, and warts, present significant challenges due to their persistence, resistance to conventional treatments, and adverse effects of long-term therapy. Despite the growing interest in alternative treatments, there is a notable gap in clinical data regarding the safety and efficacy of novel therapies, particularly cold plasma, in pediatric populations. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cold plasma therapy in children with treatment-resistant skin conditions. A prospective, interventional clinical trial was conducted with 20 pediatric patients aged 5–16 years, who were treated with four weekly sessions of cold plasma therapy. Data on lesion size, symptom severity, and Physician Global Assessment (PGA) scores were collected before treatment, after treatment, and at a two-month follow-up. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, one-way ANOVA, chi-square tests, and regression analysis. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in lesion size (mean reduction of 48%, p < 0.0001), symptom severity (p < 0.0001), and PGA scores (p < 0.0001) following treatment. Lesion size reduction varied significantly across different dermatological conditions (p = 0.021). Mild, transient adverse events, including erythema and burning sensation, were reported, with no severe complications. Regression analysis identified changes in symptom scores and PGA scores as significant predictors of lesion reduction. Long-term follow-up showed sustained improvements in lesion size and clinical symptoms. These findings support the efficacy and safety of cold plasma therapy in pediatric dermatology, offering a promising alternative treatment option for pediatric patients with resistant dermatological conditions. The study contributes essential data for integrating cold plasma therapy into clinical practice in pediatric settings.

Keywords: cold plasma, pediatric dermatology, lesion size reduction, symptom relief, adverse events.