Evaluation of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate as a Diagnostic Marker for Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy of estimated glomerular filtration rate in diagnosing chronic kidney disease. It compared estimated glomerular filtration rate with serum creatinine levels in local patients.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two medical hospitals in Baluchistan from March 2024 to February 2025. Adults with symptoms of chronic kidney disease were included. Written informed consent was taken. Serum creatinine was measured using an automated analyzer. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using a standard formula. The data were analyzed using statistical software. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated. The findings of estimated glomerular filtration rate were compared with serum creatinine. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Of 257 participants (mean age 52.8 ± 14.6 years), 143 (55.6%) were male and 114 (44.4%) female. Common complaints included fatigue (68.5%), edema (48.2%), and low urine output (30.7%). Hypertension and diabetes were present in 137 (53.3%) and 114 (44.4%), respectively. Mean symptom duration was 9.3 weeks. Average BP was 144.7/91.2 mmHg; creatinine 2.1 mg/dL, BUN 36.4 mg/dL, and eGFR 52.7 mL/min/1.73 m². CKD stages G3a–G5 occurred in 187 (72.8%). Only 42 (16.3%) had negative urine protein. eGFR outperformed creatinine in detecting CKD in 198 (77%) cases, supporting its role in earlier identification and more accurate classification of renal dysfunction.Conclusion: Estimated glomerular filtration rate showed better diagnostic performance than serum creatinine. It detected early-stage chronic kidney disease more accurately and helped improve disease staging and treatment decisions.