Knowledge and Attitude Towards Cervical Cancer Prevention among Women Visiting Gynae Outpatient Department

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the second most common cancer in women under 50. It is primarily caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), which is typically transmitted through sexual contact. Despite being one of the most preventable cancers, the incidence of cervical cancer remains high, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Early detection through Pap smear screening and HPV vaccination are critical in reducing its burden, but global screening rates remain low. Many women are unaware of cervical cancer, its risk factors, and the importance of preventive measures. To assess the level of knowledge and attitudes towards cervical cancer prevention among women visiting the gynecology outpatient department at a private teaching hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. The study aimed to identify gaps in knowledge and the barriers that affect women's participation in cervical cancer prevention programs, such as HPV vaccination and regular screenings. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design, targeting women attending the gynecology outpatient department at a private teaching hospital in Lahore. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess participants' knowledge and attitudes towards cervical cancer, including awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and preventive measures such as HPV vaccination and Pap smear screenings. Sociodemographic data, including age, marital status, education, and employment, was also collected to examine correlations with cervical cancer awareness. The study found that the majority of participants had good knowledge about cervical cancer, with 88% scoring above 50% on the knowledge assessment, while only 8% demonstrated poor knowledge. Most respondents (96%) recognized cervical cancer as a significant public health issue. However, the study revealed that cervical cancer screening practices were generally poor among the participants, indicating a gap in preventive care despite the awareness. The study highlighted a good level of awareness regarding cervical cancer among women, with the majority recognizing it as a significant public health concern. However, despite this knowledge, participation in cervical cancer screening remains low, indicating a need for increased emphasis on preventive measures.. 

Keywords:  Cervical Cancer, Knowledge, Screening, Prevention, Hpv, Public Health, Awareness, Women, Education, Screening Practices